INTRODUCTION OF INSTRUMENTATION 

  PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

1. General Theory
2. Pressure Measurement         
3. Pressure Scales
4. Common Pressure Detectors   
5. Differential Pressure Transmitters    
6. Strain Gauges
7. Capacitance Capsule
8. Impact of Operating Environment
9. Failures and Abnormalities

 FLOW MEASUREMENT             

1–Application

2-Flow measuring methods

3-Flow measuring instruments

• Variable head or Differential Pressure type meters 
  • •  Parts of Differential Flow meter
      • • Orifice Plate
        • Concentric 
        • Ecentric
        • Segmental
        • Quadrant Edge
    • Reynolds Number
    • What is vena contracta?
    • FLOW EQUATION OF ORIFICE-PLATE
    • Tapping Of Orifice
      • • Flange Taps
        • Vena contracta taps
        • Radius taps
        • Corner-taps
        • Full flow taps or Pipe taps
    • Venturi Tubes
    • Flow Nozzle
    • Pitot Tubes
    • Annubar
• Magnetic Flow Meters
• Variable area meters
• Turbine Meters
• Target Meters
• Vortex meters
  • • SWIRL METER
    • VORTEX SHEDDING FLOW METER
• CORIOLIS MASS FLOW METER
• Ultrasonic flowmeters
• OPEN CHANNEL METERS

4-Instrument Description

 LEVEL MEASUREMENT 

Direct Liquid Level Measurement :

1. SIGHT GLASSES
2. SIGHT TRANSPARENT TUBE
3. FLOAT
4. BOB & TAP

Indirect Liquid Level Measurement :

1. DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
2. VIBRONICS
3. CAPACITANCE
4. CONDUCTIVITY
5. ULTRASONIC
6. ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
7. RADIOMETRIC
8. TANK GAUGING
9. HYDROSTATIC
10. RADAR-LEVEL

TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

1. Resistance Temperature Detector(RTD)
2. Thermocouple (T/C)
3. Thermal Wells
4. Thermostats

                                                

 

 

INSTRUMENTATION SYMBOL